what is lactose intolerance?

Lactose intolerance is a digestive disorder that occurs when the body is unable to fully digest lactose, a sugar found in milk and dairy products. This happens due to a deficiency or absence of an enzyme called lactase, which is responsible for breaking down lactose into its two component sugars, glucose and galactose, in the small intestine.

When lactose is not fully broken down, it remains in the digestive tract and can cause symptoms such as bloating, gas, abdominal pain, diarrhoea, and sometimes nausea. These symptoms may vary in severity depending on the individual's level of lactase deficiency and the amount of lactose consumed.

Lactose intolerance is different from a milk allergy, which is an immune response to proteins in milk rather than an issue with lactose digestion. Lactose intolerance is usually not life-threatening, but it can cause discomfort and disrupt daily activities for those affected. It is important to note that lactose intolerance is not the same as being completely lactose intolerant, as some individuals may still be able to tolerate small amounts of lactose without experiencing symptoms.

Lactose intolerance can be managed through dietary changes, such as avoiding or reducing the consumption of lactose-containing foods or taking lactase supplements before consuming dairy products. It is recommended to consult with a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and management of lactose intolerance.